Chapter 1 Questons summer 2014

Question 1: Define instruction, teaching, and intentional learning and discuss their differences.  Instruction is quite broadly as purposeful. It is an activity intended to cause, guide and support learning. It is seen as organizing and providing sets of information, examples, experiences, and activities that guide, support students internal mental processes.  Teaching is known as getting content from a text into the heads of learners in a way to improve instruction.  Instructional Learning is learning with a self- directed purpose intending and choosing to learn and how and what to learn. The differences are instruction gives examples and teaching helps improve instruction. You can’t do one without implementing the other one.

Question 2: What differentiates planned from unplanned instruction? Planned instruction involves deciding what knowledge you will teach and it should be well developed. Unplanned instruction comes from a student needs and interest. Both should be implemented in the classroom setting.

Question 3: What is meant by the "systematic design" of instruction?  Systematic Design requires learners to interact actively with the instructional materials rather than simply allowing them to read the materials thoroughly.  The process of systematic design instruction is not working and it is revised until it works.

Question 4: What is the socio-cultural context of learning? It is said that the theory of development gives you the importance of socialization on cognitive development and emphasizes the context of human learning through beliefs, values and language as whole.

Question 5: What is meant by “situated cognition”? It is only a theory that knowing is inseparable from doing; skills that reflect the way people live in everyday life.

Question 6: What is meant by the term "conditions of learning” Conditions of Learning are a book that was first published in 1965 by Robert Gagne? It is based on assumptions from behavioral psychology, where instruction is the reinforcement of appropriate learning responses that is set up by the teachers. There are five different types of learning: verbal information, intellectual skills, cognitive strategies, motor skills and attitude.